Having appropriate geographical position, Ghazneh city located in Zabolestan state has been government center of powerful dynasties and has been the focus of various events since ancient times up to Islamic period. Being neighbored by Khorasan, Sistan, and India and also being on the route to Kabul-Kandahar as well as having relations with important business centers of that time like Bamyan, this city was economically important and notable for rulers. During Islamic period, with presence of Ghaznavid sultans (351-583 BC/ 962-1187 AD) and beginning of their conquests in the realm of neighboring countries, Ghazneh began a new period of its history. Simultaneous with changes in political situation of Ghazneh, its economic framework began to change, too. This paper has been written with the aim of discussing historical and economic importance of Ghazneh and increase of this importance under the political life conditions of Ghaznavid era being conducted by enjoying historical, literary, and geographic texts as well as contemporary sources.