The Safavid era can be considered the period of consolidation of the tradition of women's rule in history, because they acquired the necessary tools and means to participate in the political and social issues. The question is, what role did the women of the ruling body play in the political developments of their society? Findings obtained using a descriptive-analytical method based on library resources show that women in the governing body with titles such as wife, mother, sister of the king and rulers, were able to play an effective role in various fields such as the establishment of the Safavid state and political and foreign relations.  This role-playing became more effective, and sometimes more destructive, as the end of the Safavid rule approached. At that time, due to the training of the crown prince and other princes in the harem, which led to the rise of weak and incompetent kings, women gained power and influence and conspired to weaken the Safavids.