Being the place of K`aba, the rising place of the Prophet of Islam and a ground for religious relations and respectful attractions, Mecca has little studied as it should really have been. In the case of such a real study, contrary to common idea one would not agree with the city as a usual city with the same citizens, but as a trade and holy city because of its attractions various groups of people have forgathered there. Again, the sacredness of the city has caused scholars to give exaggerated accounts of its inhabitants and events at the beginning of Islam. In this paper, it is intended to give a reliable account of its popular distribution and combination before and after Qoraish dominancy over Mecca and of the number and groups of its inhabitants when appearing Islam. The population of Mecca has been analyzed with regard to different races, groups, tribes  and their importance.