The issue of the collapse of states has long been considered by thinkers in the social sciences, philosophers, historians, and political scientists. These groups believe that there are laws governing the decline of governments throughout history. Based on the theory of degeneration of Ibn Khaldun and using the qualitative-explanatory method, the existing research seeks to answer the question of why the Safavid dynasty fell. It is hypothesized that the decline of nationalism along with loving luxury life and corruption of government officials were the main causes of the fall of the Safavid dynasty. The authors of this study, while using Ibn Khaldun's concepts as a theoretical framework for analyzing the causes of the fall of the Safavid dynasty, are trying to take his thought out of the dry form of mere theorizing and apply it to the objective realities and political conditions of a government to measure the ability of Ibn Khaldun's theory to conform to the realities of the state that existed in a different spatial and temporal period than his lifetime.